Pipe-joint.



A. J. BOWIE, JR.

IN VEN TOR WITNESSES:

- A RNBY UNITED stings PATENT 1 OFFICE.

mreusrus a. BOW'IE, 32. 01" m Monaco, camromvm.

PIYEJOIN '3.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Anoos'rns J. Bowm, Jr a citizen of the United States, residing at an Francisco, in the county of San Franoisco and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pipe- Joint s, of which the following is a specification. T 1

The present invention relates to joints in pipe lines made up preferably with some plastic'matoi'ial. such as lead. It is common practice at present to make pipe joints wit grooves -of various in the bell and spigot ends of cast iron ion-ts. These joints are then pourefl fol; of some material. to make them tight lead being usually Qfi'r ployed for this purpose. Joints of: the in use not develop anythinglike the full strength which may he obtained from the materialjuserl in making them up, and conseuently "the pipe 13 uneiul'y week against orceetendin-g to pl'OililCQ enolvvise rupture.

--"'This'necessitaiee methoils of laying the. pipe more expensive and undesirable than would 1 be *neceesar'y "with a stronger joint, and, moreover, the factor of satiety against stool cleutiie 'niatoiially less than it would he with 5. Stionger ioint; Fuithe-i'more, with a' week jointfi'i'n Settlement of the pipe is apt to causeflea (s, as Well as failure of the joint.

The objectof the present invention is to ovic'bine these diiiiouitiee; to develop the 'gi'eatest p0$ible strength iii-the joint, and. to 'aifhi d great tightness against leeks due .to dis plaoement or, defieetionmf the pipe.

tithe accompanying drawing, Figure l is, a-io "tudinai section. of my prefei'retl for? lot intz'Fig. is a similar view of a seeonii form thereof 40 of: e. thirgl foln.

of :1 pipe,2 the'hell endof an ad.-

will whi h the joint is made by. Y Y Thev 'mum" strength of the oint zwuinst enrivs'ise rupture W' i be developed with the of: the pi} rn e' t-he'j'o'ihtof slightly 1 it will--just1not fail by Yhf; forcing" lend Md; so (30in i displacement ing, but i out with application filed October 18,

over t w heaxi,

.T'ho groove 8 next to the outside of Fig.3 is a similar view in'g toathe mint, 1 indicates the jOln'ihg piimfitho packing, and 4- theleuai or! the outside, may

ualking mos:

outer side. and a steeper tape-i" on .1 the joint nan.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23. 1916.

1909. Serial No. 523,151.

ivithout looking, although it develops preetically its maximum strength. This result is obtained bye suitabie proportion of the inclinations of the wedge surfaces of the grooves in the hell.

In joints of the types now in use, one

roove, and sometimes two, are used in the bell. When these joints fail. they do so by first shearing the lead in the grooves an then readily pushing out the balance of the lead with the pine. Hence, even with two grooveo, as now used, the. strength of the joint is lnnitedhy the shearing of? the rings at. the outsides of the grooves. In my throughout the hell. so that, of the surface of the hell in Contact with the lead, there-i9 little 61 none wliish puziullel'to the axis of the pipe. This develops the full sheen ing strength 05 the lead when properlylaici out. i

lead

When the soigot and starts to 'inoveont of the bell in on endwise Jim I on, the, first effoot oftenelenny to wry the lead near it along with it. By Innkingn gradual taper in the hell groove {1 llhifli the head (3, as shown at 7 in f 1, the o Jige notion forces the lead Biljfii'ifiifii) Sui-:l to r,.;io\vn on to the pi e, anti (ices not-1:55am i to flow back as would oorrur the wedge surface had a nnu'e abrupt angle. At the ment is to .307Il}1TRSS,il\' lead at the luck of the joint anti to niukeit tight against leaks. the bell mode with a long gradual tap r 9 on the outer side, and a steeper taper 10 on the in- I no? side. As has, been shown by tests, this mmstructionpermits of much better (walking and stronger joints than. is possible when the groove re ersed. as is commonly rione. thnnotinioe, for constructive reasons. the in-, side of the hell, juet outside the first groove assho'wn at 11 in Fig. 1. have a small surface parallel to the axis. 'As previously mentioned, the effect of advantageous when the outer groove in the hell has a gradual taper on the the oppositenml inner side of the groove. In the poured type of lead joint, the oilect of Call;- ing will not reach to the bottornof the joint,

some time the ei'feot of; the eudwise displaceinvention; I make the grooves prncticaliy continuous in a iongztuoina. direction and hence the back part ofthe lead' in the joint will not be compressed. When the joint tends to pull apart, the spigot end of the pipe tends to compress the lead in the back of the joint, and to calk it in a manner producing an effect similar to that of the manual calking of the front of the joint. This calking will be most efiective when the bell of the pipe has a rear groove with gradual taper on the inner side and a steeper taper on the outer side. Thus, a pipe constructed with reversed grooves, as described, will have a most effective joint ;the outer grooves allowing the most effective manual calking, and the inner grooves providing a highly effective self-calking arrangement, if there is'any movement of the joint,

When the spigot grooves have been used in prior forms of pipe joints, they have always been opposite to corresponding bell grooves, and in particular opposite to the groove nearest to the outside. The pres- 'ence of a spigot groove near the outer edge of the joint is objectionable, since it greatly weakgns the pipe. groove 15 faces the peak or ridge 12 between the grooves in the bell end, and hence is not near enough to the end of the pipe to impair the full strength of the pipe, and is near enough to receive the benefit of calking. It is so situated that it has the greatest efl'ect in preventing leakage due to repeated expansions and contractions of the pipe.

pipe are made with the sides inclined at a steep angle to the axis of the pipe, a small motion of the pipe will result in the shearing of the lead in the said grooves and a consequent leakage. .,To avoid this result, I make the spigot grooves with sides having a small inclination to the axis of the pipe. With this construction the result of motion of the spigot relative to the bell is to cause a flow of lead under great pressure into the spigot groove, and it wilLnot cause shearing of the lead in the grogve. This prevents the leakage which would result trom a groove with sides abruptly inclined to the axis of the pipe.

When spigot ends 'with beads are cut ofl from a pipe, the end of the remainder of the pipe is often banded with a small iron hoop to form a substitute for a head. This results usually in poor work, and in these cases it is better to resort to other methods. To overcome the difficulty due to this cause, and to make a more economical and better job, I provide in this case a series of grooves 13 in the spigot end, as'shown in Fig. 2 in addition to the outergroove 15 substantially opposite the ridge between the bell grooves.

Fig. 3' shows a modification of the invention with a large outside bell groove, and

with the inner grooveof the first form ro placed by a plurality of smaller grooves 14.

In my joint, a spigot I claim I 1. In a pipe joint, a bell having internal inner and outer grooves, the outer groove having a gradual taper on the outer side and a steeper taper on the inner side, and the inner groove being similar to the outer groove but reversed in direction, and material closing the space between the bell and spigot members, substantially as described.

2. In a pipe joint, a bell having internal grooves substantially continuous through the space for calking material, the outer groove having a gradual taper on the outer side and a steeper taper on the inner side, and the inner groove being similar to the outer groove but reversed in direction, and material closing the space between the bell and spigot members. substantially as de- 1 tion having an annular groove .opposite to If the grooves of the spigot end of the said ridge, and material closing the space between the bell and spigot members, sub stantially as described.

5. A pipe joint, the bell ortion of the pipe having inner grooves orming therebetween an annular ridge, and the spigot portion having an annular groove opposite to said ridge, and also having a corrugation between said spigot groove and the end of the pipe, and material closing the space between the bell and spigot members, substantially as described. a 1

6. A pipe joint of which the bell member is formed with grooves, and a grooved spigot member its first groove inward from the face of the bell being to the rear of the first. groove in the bell member and calking ma- 115 terial filling said first groove, substantially as described.

7. A pipe joint having a bell member formed with grooves and a grooved spigot member, a groove in thespigot member beno ing to the rear of the first groove in the bell member, and calking material filling said spigot groove.

8. A pipe joint having a bell member formed with grooves, and a grooved spigot 126 member, the sides of said spigot groove making an inclination of less than one-half a right angle to the axis of the pipe, and calking material filling said spigot groove.

9. A pipe joint having a bell member In testimony whereof I have hereunto set formed with gI'OUVQFE, and a grooved spigot,

my hand 1n the presence of two subscribing member, a groove in said spigot member boing to the rear of the lirbt groom in the bell wiznesses. member, the sides of said spigot groove inuk- AUGUSTUS J. BO\VIE, JR. ing a small inclination to the axis of tho Witnesses:

pipe, and calking material filling said spigot FRANCIS M. \VRIGHT,

groove. D. B. RICHARDS. 

